The effect of immigration on US economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The effect of immigration on US economy - Essay Example This decrease was a result of reduced job opportunities and increased law enforcement. (Giovanni 24) Despite this reduction, researchers found that the reproduction could have contributed the reduction of immigrants. A good number of immigrants have children, who are recognized legally as US citizens, others intermarried gaining their citizenship by marriage. Although it is hard to estimate the actual number of immigrants living in the US, researchers estimated that a third of the total population living in the US is illegal. Recent reports released by the center for immigration studies showed that in the year 2012, 12 million immigrants arrived in the United States temporally using non-immigrants visas. This figure translates to a 50% total population by the year 2000. Significant number of these illegal immigrants was from Mexico. For over a decade, there has been rapid distribution of immigrants in the United States. Georgia reported the immigrant population growth rate of 152% between year 2000 and 2007. California grew by 10.2%, registering the largest number of immigrants in the United States. Consequently, California can comfortably offset its fiscal cost. Although this immigration may be caused by historical and geographical factors, economic growth is achieved. For instance, if a state is experiencing rapid growth in terms of economic conditions, it might end up encouraging immigrants and affect income, output and employment. Analysis by various physiologists says that, reasonable arguments are being raised to protect all American-born workers from competition from immigrants. The United States government is enforcing strict laws to prioritize recognition of American born citizen (Nwosu, Batalova and Auclair 56). Immigrants are allowed to keep transportation, natural resources, construction and maintenance occupation and material moving occupations. On the other hand, the

Moral choices Essay Example for Free

Moral choices Essay Miller shows several characters who are faced with difficult moral choices. They are changed by the experience and the audience go through catharsis watching them. How does millers treatment of moral issues add to the drama? In this essay I will write about how Arthur Miller, director of The Crucible uses moral issues in the play to add to the drama and the thrilling scenes throughout the play. Every character in the play is faced with at least one or more moral issues, I will look at the main characters issues and explain how it adds to the drama. In the play we see the events of the Salem trials in Massachusetts and we see exactly what the characters get up to and what issues face them throughout. The play was written in thought of the more recent events of the time in which it was made. Arthur Miller wanted to show the people what came of passing blame onto other people to try and get them to think right and treat people correctly. In 1938 the House un-American Activities Committee Organization was made; it had the power to investigate any movement or person who threatened the safety of the state. They looked for people who agreed with communism in the 1940s. America and the USSR were fighting, America was helping Korea to keep the freedom. America was worried that communism would spread to there land and that capitalism would be destroyed. People were asked if they were communist sympathizers and sometimes charged. They were also asked if they knew anyone else who went to meeting, and then forced to give there name. Actors, writers and film directors appeared in the committee and lost there job and industry. This made Miller write the play so the view of what happened then would relate with what was happening at this time. The play was set in the 17th century, everything that we see today was much different then, although the society was a theocratic one just like today everything was different. The society had a massive male dominance and women were seen as much less than today. In the 17th century God was perceived as male and men were seen as the natural enforcers of his will. Women were seen as unstable because of there biological function. This was a time when peoples roles were clearly defined by gender. Women were made to walk with their head down and arms by their side. People werent aloud to indulge in anything that seemed to much fun, because they saw it as being related to the devil.

Tourism Development Essay -- Social Issues, Community Capacity Buildin

The purpose of the study is to assess the importance of leaders’ characteristics and their economic interest in community capacity building for tourism development. The information for this study was derived from survey questionnaires. The respondents were community leaders from Shiraz, Iran. The findings through multiple regression analysis indicate that approximately 74 percent (R ²=.737) of the variance CCB for tourism development was predicted by the leaders’ income, income from tourism, extra activities, length of residency, educational level, and family engaged in tourism industry. According to the results, the largest beta coefficient is the leaders’ income through tourism (ß=.350). It is expected that the findings could be utilized by community developers for future reassessment in tourism planning. KEY WORDS Community leaders, community capacity, tourism development, leadership INTRODUCTION The term community capacity building (CCB) is widely used among those who are concerned about community development or involved in social work and social service delivery. CCB is a central concern of both policymakers and community residents (Marrà © & Weber, 2010). It is an essential condition for development, implementation and maintenance of effective community development (Goodman et al., 1998). Many in the policy community have expressed interest in understanding why some communities are more successful in achieving positive social, economic and environmental outcomes and how to increase the capacity of communities to achieve these outcomes (Marrà © & Weber, 2010). The important role of community leaders in building community capacity for tourism development includes facilitating encouraging participation and developing leadersh... ...this study CCB is a composite variable, consisting of eight domains, namely, participation (7 items), leadership (6 items), community structure (5 items), skill and knowledge (5 items), community power (5 items), sense of community (7 items), resource mobilization (5 items) and external support (5 items). The respondents answered to each statement based on five scales that most described the current situation in their community. The value of each response for these items on the questionnaire is as follows: 0= never 1=seldom 2= sometimes 3= often 4= always. Indicators for CCB were tested for their reliability using Cronbach’s alpha. The results indicated the sufficiency and factorability of statements. It also showed satisfactory internal consistency of the manifest items measuring CCB. For this study, multiple regression analysis was conducted using SPSS program.

Return to Normalcy Essay

â€Å"Return to Normalcy† – United States presidential candidate Warren G. Harding’s campaign promise in the election of 1920. Doc 7 – Muscle Shoals – famous for its contributions to American popular music in the 1920’s. Doc 24 – Election of 1924 – Republican Calvin Coolidge wins election by a landslide. Doc 11 – Federal Farm Board – created in 1929, before the stock market crash on Black Tuesday, 1929, but its powers were later enlarged to meet the economic crisis farmers faced during the Great Depression. It was established by the Agricultural Marketing Act to stabilize prices and to promote the sale of agricultural products. The board would help farmers stabilize prices by holding surplus grain and cotton in storage. Doc 7 – Theodore Dreiser – an American novelist and journalist of the naturalist school. His novels often featured main characters that succeeded at their objectives despite a lack of a firm moral code, and literary situations that more closely resemble studies of nature than tales of choice and agency. Dreiser’s best known novels include Sister Carrie (1900) and An American Tragedy (1925). Doc 3 – T. S. Eliot – a publisher, playwright, literary and social critic and â€Å"arguably the most important English-language poet of the 20th century. † Although he was born an American, he moved to the United Kingdom in 1914 (at age 25) and was naturalized as a British subject in 1927 at age 39. Doc 1 – Fundamentalists – The demand for a strict adherence to specific theological doctrines usually understood as a reaction against Modernist theology, combined with a vigorous attack on outside threats to their religious culture. The term â€Å"fundamentalism† was originally coined by its supporters to describe a specific package of theological beliefs that developed into a movement within the Protestant community of the United States in the early part of the 20th century, and that had its roots in the Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy of that time. Doc 20 – Billy Sunday – an American athlete who, after being a popular outfielder in baseball’s National League during the 1880s, became the most celebrated and influential American evangelistduring the first two decades of the 20th century. Henry Ford [Model T]- an automobile that was produced by Henry Ford’s Ford Motor Company from September 1908 to October 1927. It is generally regarded as the first affordable automobile, the car that opened travel to the common middle-class American; some of this was because of Ford’s innovations, including assembly line production instead of individual hand crafting. (23) flappers- a â€Å"new breed† of young Western women in the 1920s who wore short skirts, bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior. Flappers were seen as brash for wearing excessive makeup, drinking, treating sex in a casual manner, smoking, driving automobiles and otherwise flouting social and sexual norms. (8,9,14,22) Harlem Renaissance- a cultural movement that spanned the 1920s and 1930s. At the time, it was known as the â€Å"New Negro Movement†, named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke. Though it was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, many French-speaking black writers from African and Caribbean colonies who lived in Paris were also influenced by the Harlem Renaissance. 3) Marcus Garvey- a Jamaican publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who was a staunch proponent of the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements, to which end he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). He founded the Black Star Line, part of the Back-to-Africa movement, which promoted the return of the African Diaspora to their ancestral lands. (10) Charles Lindbergh- an American aviator, author, inventor, explorer, and social activist. As a 25-year-old U. S.  Air Mail pilot Lindbergh emerged suddenly from virtual obscurity to instantaneous world fame as the result of his Orteig Prize-winning solo non-stop flight on May 20–21, 1927, made from Roosevelt Field[N 1] located in Garden City on New York’s Long Island to Le Bourget Field in Paris, France. (5,21) Twenty-One Demands- a set of demands made by the Empire of Japan under Prime Minister Okuma Shigenobu sent to the nominal government of the Republic of China on January 18, 1915, resulting in two treaties with Japan on May 25, 1915. 5:5:3:1. 75:1. 5 naval ratio- after World War I, many nations became concerned about the threat of another war and the possibility of an arms race. To address these issues in the naval arena, in 1922, Great Britain, the United States, Japan, France, and Italy signed the Five Powers Treaty at the Washington Conference. In the treaty, the powers agreed to a 5:5:3:1. 75:1. 75 ratio of naval tonnage and restrictions with regard to new building of both ships and bases. Young Plan- a program for settlement of German reparations debts after World War I written in 1929 and formally adopted in 1930. It was presented by the committee headed (1929–30) by American Owen D. Young. The reparations, set in January 1921 by an Inter-Allied Reparations Commission at 269 billion gold marks (the equivalent of around 100,000 tonnes of pure gold) were deliberately crushing. Teapot Dome Scandal- a bribery incident that took place in the United States in 1922–1923, during the administration of President Warren G. Harding. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome and two other locations to private oil companies at low rates without competitive bidding. doc 24 Secy. of the Treasury Mellon (tax cuts)- Mellon came into office with a goal of reducing the huge federal debt from World War I. To do this, he needed to increase the federal revenue and cut spending. He believed that if the tax rates were too high, then the people would try to avoid paying them. He observed that as tax rates had increased during the first part of the 20th century, investors moved to avoid the highest rates by choosing tax-free municipal bonds, for instance. (doc 15 Progressive Party- was an American political party. It was formed by former President Theodore Roosevelt, after a split in the Republican Party between himself and President William Howard Taft. â€Å"The Lost Generation†- is a term used to refer to the generation, actually a cohort, that came of age during World War I. The term was popularized by Ernest Hemingway who used it as one of two contrasting epigraphs for his novel, The Sun Also Rises. (doc 9, Doc 13 Ernest Hemingway [A Farewell to Arms]- a semi-autobiographical novel written by Ernest Hemingway concerning events during the Italian campaigns during the First World War. The book, which was first published in 1929, is a first-person account of American Frederic Henry, serving as a Lieutenant (â€Å"Tenente†) in the ambulance corps of the Italian Army. The title is taken from a poem by 16th-century English dramatist George Peele. (doc 13 prohibition [Volstead Act]- prohibited the production, sale, and transport of â€Å"intoxicating liquors†, it did not define â€Å"intoxicating liquors† or provide penalties. It granted both the federal government and the states the power to enforce the ban by â€Å"appropriate legislation. † A bill to do so was introduced in Congress in 1919. (Doc 2 Immigration Acts (1921, 1924)- was a United States federal law that limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890, down from the 3% cap set by the Immigration Restriction Act of 1921, according to the Census of 1890. doc 11, doc 17 Scopes Trial- was a landmark American legal case in 1925 in which high school science teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee’s Butler Act which made it unlawful to teach evolution in any state-funded school. (Doc 1 The Jazz Singer (Doc 7)- is a 1927 American musical film. The first feature-length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences, its release heralded the commercial ascendance of the â€Å"talkiesâ⠂¬  and the decline of the silent film era. Produced by Warner Bros. with its Vitaphone sound-on-disc system, the movie stars Al Jolson, who performs six songs. The â€Å"New Woman† (Doc 22)- was a feminist ideal that emerged in the late 19th century. The New Woman pushed the limits set by male-dominated society, especially as modeled in the plays of Norwegian Henrik Ibsen (1828–1906). â€Å"The New Woman sprang fully armed from Ibsen’s brain,† according to a joke by Max Beerbohm (1872–1956). Langston Hughes (Doc. 3)- was an American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist. He was one of the earliest innovators of the then-new literary art form jazz poetry. Hughes is best known for his work during the Harlem Renaissance. Pan-African Movement (Document 10)- is a movement that seeks to unify African people or people living in Africa, into a â€Å"one African community† Differing types of Pan-Africanism seek different levels of economic, racial, social, or political unity. Spirit of St. Louis (Doc 21)- is the custom-built, single engine, single-seat monoplane that was flown solo by Charles Lindbergh on May 20–21, 1927, on the first non-stop flight from New York to Paris for which Lindbergh won the $25,000 Orteig Prize. Washington Naval Conference(NA)- also called the Washington Arms Conference, was a military conference called by President Warren G. Harding and held in Washington from 12 November 1921 to 6 February 1922. Conducted outside the auspices of the League of Nations, it was attended by nine nations. Dawes Plan(NA)- was an attempt in 1924 to solve the reparations problem, which had bedeviled international politics, in the wake of the Ruhr occupation and the hyperinflation crisis. It provided for the Allies to collect war reparations debt from Germany. Intended as an interim measure, the Young Plan was adopted in 1929 to replace it. Kellogg-Briand Treaty(NA)- agreement, signed Aug. 27, 1928, condemning â€Å"recourse to war for the solution of international controversies. † It is more properly known as the Pact of Paris. In June, 1927, Aristide Briand, foreign minister of France, proposed to the U. S. government a treaty outlawing war between the two countries.

Explain how you can promote inclusion Essay

I teach on a one to one basis but if i was working in a classroom environment I would promote inclusion in the classroom by using various methods. These include Partnering different abilities of learners so they can learn from each other and all have a chance to get to know each other/work with each other. Asking different members of the classroom to give their opinions so all have the opportunity to contribute. Forming groups and varying the learners chosen to form these groups. Asking learners to be respectful of each others opinions and respecting when another member of the class or the teacher are speaking and not interrupting Encouraging open discussion and incorporating everyone into the discussions. Whether I am teaching in a group environment or one to one I would promote inclusion by using language that doesn’t discriminate, resources that reflects diversity and ensuring that I always remember that all students are different and I need to adapt to meet the need of each learner. It is also important to give the students the opportunity to give feedback on my teaching methods and content, thereby making them feel empowered within their learning environment. All learners will bring different skills and experiences with them to enhance the learning environment. Completing an individual learning plan for all learners makes it possible to adjust the course content to suit the individual learner. Implementing equality and diversity in the learning environment creates a happy and rewarding learning experience where learners will complete their learning with the confidence and qualifications to proceed further into life, work or education. Where required, a referral for internal or external help and support may be necessary.

Art review essays

Art review essays Art review: SEVEN COLORS OF SOLITUDES Playwright and director: Fung Ka Leung There are total 7 plays of SEVEN COLORS OF SOLITUDES: Yellow ( A photographer captured by time); Blue ( A Cellist lost in emotion), Green ( A Nurse envisioned by Desire); Purple ( A restaurant Owner drowned in Memory); Cyan ( An Insurance Agent trapped in Reality); Red ( A MTR Film Buff reminiscent of Love); Orange ( Young Girl waiting for hope).Seven plays shows seven anonymous people, living in seven secluded places and seven monotonous days. They all get a letter from a strange girl which records her lonely footprints. Among the 7 different stories in the performance, I loved the Yellow part most. The topic of it is Yellow: A photographer captured by Time. The background of this play is Peace Memorial Museum in Hiroshima. A photographer (acted by Ray Yuen) dated an old friend there. The setting there is as below. To most of the people, Peace Memorial Museum implied the explosion of Atomic Bomb, which gives out a feeling of sadness and death and yellow give out the feeling of the past; I do think the director is using this background as a hint to present the relationship of the photographer and his old friends. Also, At the beginning of this play, the photographer shouted, Every history has its end, at first I just thought it was only talking about the explosion of Atomic Bomb during WWII, but later, I think that its also talking about the relationship between the photographer and his old friend. And my conjecture is right, the photographers old friend refused to came to the museum to meet him but sending her daughter ~Riko to come, which instrumentally telling the photographer she dont want to meet him again . The director do a well job here: before telling us the photographer s ...

Free Essays on Copyright Infringement

Copyright Infringement As technology advances, people search for quicker and easier ways to do everything. The Compact Disc (CD) digitalized music in the early 1980s, and with the discovery of the MP3 file in 1992, people were able to share music files on the Internet at high-speeds. MP3 stands for motion picture expert group 1 (MPEG), audio layer 3. An MP3 file compresses the music without decreasing the audio quality substantially. Compressing the file allows it to be transferred quickly over the World Wide Web. A 19-year-old college drop out named Shawn Fanning created computer software that would, along with the MP3, change the digital music industry. Napster allowed people registered to a file sharing community to share files from their computers over the Internet with other people also registered in the community. Napster essentially eliminated a middle person between a request and a source. This free software allowed people to connect directly to each other and share MP3 files from their computers’ hard drive. Soon, Fanning saw himself facing a lawsuit for copyright infringement. Napster had no authorized use of the MP3 files from artists or record companies to allow the public to transfer the music files. The litigations were not aimed at specific, individual people violating copyright laws by downloading music. They targeted companies, such as Napster, that sought a profit. Software such as Napster has aided in costing the music industry approximately $300 million per year. In 2000, downloading music from the Internet was one of the fastest growing activities, but soon, Napster would be shut down for copyright infringement violations. The purpose of this paper is to explore legal and practical issues concerning the rise of Internet copyright infringement. The first section of this paper will focus on what experts have said about the Napster controversy. Then this paper will look at the basic princi... Free Essays on Copyright Infringement Free Essays on Copyright Infringement Copyright Infringement As technology advances, people search for quicker and easier ways to do everything. The Compact Disc (CD) digitalized music in the early 1980s, and with the discovery of the MP3 file in 1992, people were able to share music files on the Internet at high-speeds. MP3 stands for motion picture expert group 1 (MPEG), audio layer 3. An MP3 file compresses the music without decreasing the audio quality substantially. Compressing the file allows it to be transferred quickly over the World Wide Web. A 19-year-old college drop out named Shawn Fanning created computer software that would, along with the MP3, change the digital music industry. Napster allowed people registered to a file sharing community to share files from their computers over the Internet with other people also registered in the community. Napster essentially eliminated a middle person between a request and a source. This free software allowed people to connect directly to each other and share MP3 files from their computers’ hard drive. Soon, Fanning saw himself facing a lawsuit for copyright infringement. Napster had no authorized use of the MP3 files from artists or record companies to allow the public to transfer the music files. The litigations were not aimed at specific, individual people violating copyright laws by downloading music. They targeted companies, such as Napster, that sought a profit. Software such as Napster has aided in costing the music industry approximately $300 million per year. In 2000, downloading music from the Internet was one of the fastest growing activities, but soon, Napster would be shut down for copyright infringement violations. The purpose of this paper is to explore legal and practical issues concerning the rise of Internet copyright infringement. The first section of this paper will focus on what experts have said about the Napster controversy. Then this paper will look at the basic princi...

8 Jobs That Won’t Exist in 2030

8 Jobs That Won’t Exist in 2030 Times are changing so rapidly, and the job market is going right along for the ride. You likely already know that technology is forcing many of the things we’re used to toward extinction. Non-electronic books? Soon to be a thing of the past. CDs? Try finding anyone under 20 who listens to them. But unfortunately, many jobs are getting swept out the door, as well. If you’re just entering the job market, or want to get a sense of your career trajectory, it’s wise to know which gigs probably won’t be around in 10 to 20 years before you’re stuck in a dead-end field. 1. LibrarianMore and more people are clearing out those paperbacks and downloading e-books on their Tablets and Kindles instead. The same goes for borrowing- as books fall out of favor, libraries are not as popular as they once were. That means you’ll have a tough time finding a job if you decide to become a librarian. Many schools and universities are already moving their libraries o ff the shelves and onto the Internet.2. Paperboy/PapergirlBooks are not the only paper-based reading materials in jeopardy. As more news junkies get their daily fix online, actual newspapers are falling out of favor. This is good news for trees but bad news for all the kids who once earned extra cash delivering papers door to door.3. CashierIt can be really nice to see a friendly face when paying for your groceries, but a lot of shoppers would rather just pay for their stuff and get out. Many retailers are catching onto this, as well as the cost-effectiveness of not having to pay cashiers, and are opting for self-checkout machines. This can be a real problem for the teenagers, college students, and adults looking for hourly work who rely on cashier jobs.4. ReceptionistIsn’t it annoying when you call a business and have to deal with an automated system that may not be able to answer your questions quickly and courteously? Too bad. Many businesses have adopted such systems, whi ch does not bode well for human receptionists. They may soon find themselves going the way of the dodo too.5. TelemarketerOkay, this one might actually seem like good news, because no one likes to have her or his day interrupted by telemarketers. Yes, telemarketers are no longer in high demand because of Internet-based marketing, though equally obnoxious â€Å"robo-calls† are still pretty common.6. Travel AgentSites such as Expedia and Travelocity have made booking a trip as easy as posting a few Tweets. However, there was a time when you would actually have to go to a travel agency and deal with a human being behind a desk to make arrangements to visit Disneyland. Those obsolete professionals are known as travel agents, and unfortunately, most of them have had to move on to other careers.7. Word ProcessorTyping was once a pretty common and obtainable office job. Word processing apps have made hiring living, breathing typists unnecessary. Such jobs are in a downward spiral li kely to hit bottom sometime in the next 20 years.8. Social Media ManagerLibraries and travel agencies probably seem pretty old fashioned- real products of the twentieth century. However, social media has only been a major force for 15   years or so. Yet even this relatively new technology is not safe from change. Actually, it is the popularity of social media that may force social media managers out of business. Who needs these experts when we’re all becoming experts? In 10 or 20 years, we may not even remember what a social media manager, cashier, or receptionist is.As you can see, jobs over the next decade will evolve in ways we can’t even imagine right now- you just have to be willing to go along  with the ride and adapt as the times around us change.  Although these 8 positions  may  still exist in some form in 2030, they most likely will come with different titles and require skillsets that positions of the past never required.

Protecting our Boaders Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Protecting our Boaders - Term Paper Example In a 2010 CBS poll, a plurality of 32% of Americans graded the US with a â€Å"C† in its ability to protect against terrorist attacks. The same poll found that 55% of Americans thought that more comprehensive screening procedures in airports would be â€Å"Somewhat Effective† in stopping future terrorist attacks on airplanes. Furthermore, 74% supported the use of full body scan machines in airports (PollingReport.com). These polls show that Americans are concerned with how the government handles security in airports and are indeed supportive, in general, of increasing that security in order to reduce the overall threat of terror attacks to American travelers. The overall issue is that airports serve as one form of US borders, and Americans are aware of the threats posed from outside US borders by those traveling alongside US citizens. Americans see it as a basic function of their government to secure their borders in this arena through airport security. According to a R AND Corporation report, the relationship between airports and borders is extensive. This report notes that the US has more than 100 international airports, and they see a great volume of activity as over 88 million passengers pass through these points of entry each year. Airports have a number of stakeholders involved, including government agencies such as the TSA as mentioned, along with the Department of Homeland Security as well as the financing provided by state and local governments. Other stakeholders include the private companies that are responsible for ticketing, transportation, and those companies whose employees travel using airlines. In this sense, American interests in international airports are at the government level, in the private sector, as well as at the personal level for each individual who chooses to fly. Thus, security or a lack thereof in airports can affect citizens economically, as well as create personal conveniences or conflicts, and can affect citizens p olitically in their approval of political parties’ stance on airport security and how effective those in office are at handling it. (Riley) The importance of airport security to Americans also is a social issue, as it demands a political correctness and sensitivity to the rights of citizens and even non-citizens who pass through security checkpoints. There is often a delicate balance in providing staunch security while respecting travellers, and this is where the debate primarily rises. Government agencies produce long lines, are accused of profiling, and tend to invade what is usually considered personal space, yet also strive to avoid such results in order to satisfy travelers (Roston). As stated, these practices affect Americans daily as they travel, and help shape public opinion on the necessity and effectiveness of increased security. When these invasive measures become better-known for their inconvenience then for their utility, debates rises on what changes are needed and whether security is more important than privacy. Both security and privacy are valued by Americans on a personal level and as a political value, and thus a conflict is born. The specific approaches to security come in many forms. The U.S. Federal Air Marshall Service was instated in 2003, and places trained agents on

You can choose the topic you want Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

You can choose the topic you want - Essay Example VanderLans and Licko provided a stage in which artful typographic configurations could be explored to their greatest effect (Chwast, 235) while amateurs have introduced both a splash of new excitement and creativity as well as a cause for concern for the future expectations of quality. With the help of computers, fonts have introduced to the population at large and have allowed individuals to explore letterforms to the fullest extent of legibility. The introduction of graphics specific software like Adobe Photoshop symbolized a breakthrough in graphic design freedom and paved the way for ever more sophisticated programs such as 3DS Max and Macromedia Flash. With these tools, designers are now able to create nearly realistic 3D worlds within the confines of the computer. The degree of realism afforded through such features as lighting, shading and texturing has also sparked new areas of graphic design growth, specifically in the areas of animation and game design. With the advent of the computer, the world was introduced to an awesome new toy that could come up with all kinds of new tricks. One of these new tricks was an ever-increasing ability to digitally produce artwork that could then be manipulated to any degree and reproduced in precise detail any number of times. It was easily manipulated to fit all types of sizes and formats, instantly accessible from numerous sources and quickly printed in a variety of media at once. These attributes meant digital illustration became the wave of the future for graphic design as well as many other forms of art media. It was the perfect solution to advertising needs and the ultimate expression of precise control. As software became more advanced and more user friendly, a greater number of individuals with an idea of an image found it possible to create their own ‘artwork’ simply by following the step-by-step instructions of tutorials or copying and pasting elements of other people’s artwork into their own

Public Health and Social Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Public Health and Social Care - Essay Example This discussion stresses  health inequalities are the differences that exist in the health status between different socioeconomic groups. In most countries, differences in health are observed across the population. Variations in genetics and constitution ensure that there is a variation in the health of individuals. Age groups also play a key role in determining the prevalence of ill health. Older people tend to fall sick more often as compared to younger people due to the ageing process .According to the report findings obesity is a condition associated with being overweight and having a lot of body fat. This condition affects people across all ages and may be caused by either factors related to heredity and variation in human genetics or the lifestyle one chooses to live. Most cases of obesity in Hammersmith and Fulham are due to the kind of lifestyle. Most people living in the Borough are economically very stable, and this translates to the kind of lifestyle they live. According to National Obesity Observatory, six out of ten men, and five out of every ten women living in Hammersmith are either overweight or obese. The statistics further indicate that the prevalence of obesity among the adults increased from fifteen percent in 1993 to twenty-six percent in 2010. Sixty-seven percent of men and fifty-eight percent of women were overweight in 2010.   Children in the highest income quintiles have the least risk of suffering obesity while the proportion of obesity in children is highest in the lowest quintiles.

UNDECIDED Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

UNDECIDED - Assignment Example The democracy was purely managed by the majority but not be the few individuals. Moreover, rotating of the public offices ought to undermine individuals virtues thus no person is held back by poverty so long as they offer good service to the city. The city is free and generous to the public activities of the citizens and corresponding daily lives (Thucydides 2.37, pgs. 40-41). He asserts the management of the city is different from neighboring cities in regard to the preparation of war, and this makes it open to all individuals and does not expel strangers in order to prevent them from learning in the city. Moreover, the city does not depend on the secret preparation and deceit but the courage of action. It is is because the enemy usually trains hard from the youthful age, but they live relax life, and they still experience great dangers as the enemy (Thucydides 1.77, pg 41). Pericles asserts that seeking council is the best option prior to undertaking any action with the enemy. It is because they are extremely different from their enemy since they take council in matters of virtue. Moreover, they win the trust of friends via offering favors at the expense of accepting a favor. Friendship of an individual is paid by good deed and considered dull and flat since it does not entail

Events that Led to the Revolutionary War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Events that Led to the Revolutionary War - Essay Example Their combined population now exceeded 1,500,000-a six fold increase since 1700 (Greene, 1987). The implications of the physical growth of the colonies were far greater than mere numerical increase would indicate. By the mid-eighteenth century, as the pre-American Revolutionary War was raging on, many Americans had a change of heart and mind with respect to their attitudes about the mother country. As the French and Indian war was coming to a close, and the period of salutary neglect was flourishing, there was a profound shift in American's feelings. The Americans started to become infuriated with England, and wanted their freedom to life, liberty, and property without interference. The zeitgeist, or "spirit of the times," included the far-reaching period of salutary neglect and the conclusion of the French and Indian War. Salutary neglect refers to the state of Anglo-American relations before the end of the French and Indian War. British Parliament did not interfere in the government of the colonies during this time, and America existed in relative political isolation. Britain was the mother country; however, Britain was looked upon as a lenient and easygoing parent, not interfering with its child's (America's) decisions. Many Americans even took pride in the mother country, and respected and honored it as their legacy. "For the great majority of Americans who still spoke of England as 'home' even though they had never been there, being English meant having a history that stretched back continuously into a golden age of Anglo-Saxton purity and freedom." Britain served as the mercantilist dominating country, and not a monarchy over America. Britain helped America's trade; and, as far as many colonists thought, America was just an extension of England itself. Initially, before the change in attitude toward England occurred, the Americans did not even want independence. They merely wanted to be treated justly under English law. When the Stamp Act was passed in 1765, colonists did not believe that this "internal taxation without representation" was abiding by the law. They thought this was unjust and wrong. As Benjamin Franklin tried to point out to England, America was pretty much exclusively opposed to internal taxes. He made England believe that the colonists were more likely to comply with external or "indirect" taxes. However, the Stamp Act, one of the first direct taxes on the American people, caused the most uproar, and foreshadowed what was to come within the next two decades. Down to 1763, Great Britain had formulated no consistent policy for her colonial possessions. The guiding principle was the confirmed mercantilist view that colonies should supply the mother country with raw materials and not compete in manufacturing. But policy was poorly enforced, and the colonies had never thought of themselves as subservient. Rather, they considered themselves chiefly as commonwealths or states, much like England herself, having only a loose association with authorities in London. At infrequent intervals, sentiment in

UNDECIDED Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

UNDECIDED - Assignment Example The democracy was purely managed by the majority but not be the few individuals. Moreover, rotating of the public offices ought to undermine individuals virtues thus no person is held back by poverty so long as they offer good service to the city. The city is free and generous to the public activities of the citizens and corresponding daily lives (Thucydides 2.37, pgs. 40-41). He asserts the management of the city is different from neighboring cities in regard to the preparation of war, and this makes it open to all individuals and does not expel strangers in order to prevent them from learning in the city. Moreover, the city does not depend on the secret preparation and deceit but the courage of action. It is is because the enemy usually trains hard from the youthful age, but they live relax life, and they still experience great dangers as the enemy (Thucydides 1.77, pg 41). Pericles asserts that seeking council is the best option prior to undertaking any action with the enemy. It is because they are extremely different from their enemy since they take council in matters of virtue. Moreover, they win the trust of friends via offering favors at the expense of accepting a favor. Friendship of an individual is paid by good deed and considered dull and flat since it does not entail

Law (International Business) - Problem Question Essay

Law (International Business) - Problem Question - Essay Example In the case of Shipping Corporation of India Ltd v Gamlen Chemical Co (A/Asia) Pty Ltd (1980)147CLR 142 (High Court of Australia, 1980), the facts of the case was that the carrier – Shipping Corporation of India Ltd was contracted to transport goods to Gamlen from Sydney in Australia. During the ship’s passage it encountered heavy weather and rough seas in Australian waters. On arrival the goods were found to be in damaged. The shipper sued the carrier for breach of article 3(2) of the Hague-Visby Rules which requires that the goods be carefully loaded, handed, cared for and discharged. The court of Australia found that the damage to the goods was the result of a combination of factors involving perils at sea and improper stowage. Therefore the carrier was not allowed to invoke the Article 4 exceptions which allows for perils at sea. This was due to the carrier’s failure to exercise due diligence which was considered to be a concurrent or dominant cause of the da mage sustained. The carrier could not therefore deny responsibility for the losses suffered by the shipper in circumstances where the carrier’s failure to exercise due diligence was one of the causes of the losses incurred.

Twelfth Night Lit Analysis Essay Example for Free

Twelfth Night Lit Analysis Essay â€Å"The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination† – Albert Einstein. This cannot be more true in the case of William Shakespeare. In regards to his play Twelfth Night his creative genius is seen in his ability to create sharp and clever characters through perfectly crafted plots and themes. His aptitude to generate characters that goes against the dictate of society such as Viola and Maria marks him as one of the greatest playwrights of his age. However, his facilities as a writer are made known through his ability to twist and manipulate words and language to his own benefit. Shakespeare’s play on words and witty language serves to entertain his audience in the most complete sense possible. He does this throughout the entire play, but when discussing his use of language the character of Feste must be considered, especially since he may be regarded as Shakespeare’s mouth piece. As it will be discussed Shakespeare’s intellect is not shown in his ability to create carefully crafted plots and his magnetic writing style but his innovation in creating a world of words and enigmatic characters. Viola maybe considered the main character of the play, her character is sly and cunning. Shakespeare’s treatment of her is nothing short of utter brilliance. Viola’s ability to adapt to her surroundings and produce sharp comments in little space of time shows her as one of the most clever characters. She comes up with this almost impractical idea to masquerade as man and the fact that she gets the sea captain to agree with it shows her persuasiveness and boldness. Not only that but her plan panned out for a full three months- as stated by Duke Orsino â€Å"Three months this youth hath tended upon me† ( act 5, scene 1)- without no one being none the wiser. It is in her disguise that we see her true intelligence and witty disposition. Also her language and her delivery of it shows her impudent nature. OLIVIA Stay: I prithee, tell me what thou thinkest of me. VIOLA That you do think you are not what you are. OLIVIA If I think so, I think the same of you. VIOLA Then think you right: I am not what I am This conversation shows her ability to make quick retorts and while she does this she hints at her deception with the truthfulness of the last line, without Olivia letting on. In doing so it is revealed just how crafty she is. Her character truly does mirror Shakespeare’s ingenious mind. Similarly the brazen character of Maria demonstrates Shakespeare’s aptitude to create clever characters. Like Viola who comes up with an idea for her own benefit although somewhat necessary, Maria concocts this scheme against Malvolio to let him think Olivia confesses her love for him in the form of a letter. She uses his own ambition against him and makes him out to be a madman that at one point even he is tempted to believe, even though he maintains he is quite sane. Even though it was said to be in jest, some might look upon it as a cruel act as Malvolio was not deserving of this type of treatment. Nevertheless she is a witty character that Shakespeare uses to highlight the brillianc e and strong character of women. In addition Shakespeare produces a masterpiece out of his work Twelfth Night through his hilarious playful language. The character that Shakespeare uses most to do this is Feste and Shakespeare does this because the character or role of Feste allows him to get away comments and retorts that others might not have. An instance of this is his conversation with Olivia wherein he calls her a fool for mourning her brother for seven years and all the more fool for mourning if she believes his soul is in heaven. â€Å"The more fool, madonna, to mourn for your brothers soul being in heaven. Take away the fool, gentlemen† this line not only serves to give immense joy and laughter for the audience but highlights the privileges given to an Elizabethan jester for saying such things without recompense. This humorous language is also seen with Feste’s play with words; â€Å"No such matter, sir. I do live by the church for I do live at my house, and my house doth stand by the church† Feste plays with words and relates them with so much zeal that the audience cannot help but be amused. It is also seen with the lines â€Å"why sir her name is a word, and to dally with that word might make my sister wanton. But indeed, words are very rascals, since bonds disgraced them† It is because of this that he calls himself â€Å"corrupter of words† and in this we see the instability of language. It is not only Feste that gets the audience to laugh because of humorous language. Sir Andrew also does this, although his misrepresentation of words is unintentional. His incompetence with language and misuse of words provide comic relief for the audience. â€Å"What is pourquoi? Do or do not do? I would I had bestowed that time in the tongues that I have in fencing, dancing and bear-baiting: O, had I but followed the arts!† the silliness of it all functions to heighten the dramatic appeal of the play and increase audience’s pleasure. The humorous and playful language of the play lets our imagination roam free and that alone shows Shakespeare’s astounding creativity. In conclusion it can be said that William Shakespeare is truly a mastermind with his wild imagination in creating witty and crafty characters and his ingenious use of language torments the audience with laughter and amusement. Fabian’s line â€Å" If this were played upon a stage now, I could condemn it as an improbable fiction† shows that Shakespeare is aware of the plays’ unlikely disparities but nevertheless his skill makes it truly a work of art. WOLMERS HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS Literatures in English Unit 1: Module: 1 Christina Thompson L6H1 November 19, 2012 Question ‘Shakespeare’s creative genius is demonstrated by his witty characterization and humorous language’ Discuss the extent to which this is a fair assessment of the comedy Twelfth Night. REFERENCES http://shakespeare.mit.edu/twelfth_night/full.html http://www.sparknotes.com/shakespeare/twelfthnight/canalysis.html http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/albert_einstein.html http://www.shakespeare-online.com/plays/characters/violabio.html

Alliance Boots Future Strategic Directions Organisation Business Essay

Alliance Boots Future Strategic Directions Organisation Business Essay It is a multinational company with strong recognition and reputation as one of the leading pharmaceutical and beauty companies in the world. Alliance Boots revenue is more than  £22.5 billion in excess; it also has various outlets in more than 20 countries. Alliance Boots core areas of business are pharmaceutical and beauty, formed in 2006 as a merger Boots Group and Alliance UniChem and recently a global merger with Walgreens. The company main purpose is to help its customers to look and feel better than ever, by providing exceptional customer and patient care with great value for its customer. Product brands Alliance Boots Pharmaceutical Wholesale Division is experiencing a rapid growth and global sales; the company believes that its product innovation and development competencies are some of the resourceful factors, which enable the company to develop new and existing products for global consumption. Some of these products are, No7, Soltan and Botanics, 17, Almus and Alvita that were successfully launched recently. Organisation Structures Alliance Boots have over 185,000 employees and numerous pharmaceutical outlets. The aim of the company is to work closely with manufacturer of pharmaceutical, beauty and health products and use experienced pharmacists to provide services to their customers. Alliance Boots headquarters is in Zug Switzerland. Alliance Boots Strategy Options It is important that when a global business organisation wants to adopt a sustainable development strategy for its products and brands, such strategy needs to be applicable across a wide range of different product types, also has to be flexible to cope with the rapid turnover of products. Alliance Boots also believe that: The company strategy is capable to cope with three main routes by which products are introduced at Alliance Boots (own manufacture, third party supply of Alliance Boots brands and proprietary brand). The company strategy is providing leadership on where and how to improve its products and such improvement must be commercially successful. Marketing strategy Alliance Boots believe that by putting its customers first for all its pharmaceutical and beauty products with outstanding quality and service at a competitive cost will help the company to achieve excellent profitable margins in the global competitive market. Ansoffs Matrix Ansoffs Matrix is a unique marketing tool, which provides strategic choices to business organisations in order to achieve the objective for growth. Ansoffs Matrix has four main categories namely: Market penetration: Market penetration creates a good avenue for a company like Alliance Boots to sell existing products in existing markets. It is important for Alliance Boots to continue promoting its product with the new features and good quality .This is helping Alliance Boots to invest heavily and focus more on research and development in new market research creating more distribution channel. Market development: Alliance Boots use Market development as a growth strategy to sell its existing products into new markets, including new geographical markets, for example product exportation to a new country. It also includes new product packaging new distribution channels (e.g. Boots Pharmacy stores across UK and selling via e-commerce and mail order). Its ability to target new market makes Market development a unique strategy. Product development: Alliance Boots use Product development as a growth strategy creating a unique avenue for its business to introduce new products into existing pharmaceutical markets with great expectation that they will gain more customers and market share. Such strategy may involve the development of new capabilities and requires Alliance Boots to develop improved products to existing markets. Market Diversification: Alliance Boots Diversification strategy allows the company to diversify easily to another geographical market. In 2012, Alliance Boot acquired Nanjing Pharmaceutical; a company with a strong market position in China. Such diversification into China Pharmaceutical market now makes Alliance Boots, as the largest shareholder is Nanjing Pharmaceutical, continuing to create new products and opportunities in the Chinese market. Alliance Boots SWOT Analysis Alliance Boots Swot analyses are: Strength: Alliance Boots have an excellent and long-standing relationship with all its customers. The company also has a strong historical reputation for all its quality, using a nectar card to gather customer intelligence. Availability of Boots Pharmacy stores everywhere in the UK and Europe. Weaknesses: Due to strong competition with other pharmaceutical companies in the global market, Alliance Boots is struggling to cope with the increased competition in the market. Opportunities: Alliance Boots continue to use the internet opportunity to keep increasing its presence by using online shopping to transact with its domestic and global customers. Alliance Boots are also using its retail store presence across the global market such as Boots Pharmacy to create the right products with the right combination of price and promotion to achieve its long-term goals for growth. Threats: The major threat to pharmaceutical industries including Alliance Boots is the government higher tax on the price of medicine that Alliance Boots and other retailers must deal with. Porters Five Forces: Business organisations use five forces of Porter to make an analysis and attraction of its structure. Supplier Power: It plays an important role in competitive force, more suppliers one can greatly increase y bargaining power with these suppliers. For example, Alliance Boots successfully bargained with over 80 suppliers to lower prices of some of the drugs they sell over the counter in 2007. Buyer Power: Increasing customer loyalty is a way of reducing the power of the buyer, the introduction of nectar card by Alliance Boots is a way to reward its customers. Because of this, it allows the buyers to save considerably. It also allows Alliance Boots to capture useful information and monitor consumer-purchasing habits. Threats of New entrants: There has been a huge increase in the number of new entrants in the pharmaceutical market making it difficult for Alliance Boots to expand in the way the company wants. For example, Tesco is planning various new supermarkets across Britain that would restrict Alliance Boots ability to expand. This poses a real threat, which means that Alliance Boots need to change its marketing strategy with the possibility of reducing prices through advertising. Threat if substitute: In order to save money many businesses may decide to outsource their products and services to another company at a cheaper cost. Alliance Boots did not outsource its products and services; instead, the company IT department was able to make changes in the way customers pay for their products by replacing its traditional till machines to touch screen capability giving customers a faster way to shop on their own. Competitive Rivalry: This affects many businesses in terms of price competition and product identification. For example, other rivals in the business like Lloyds Pharmacy, Superdrug are expanding rapidly. Because of this, Alliance Boots are constantly improving its store marketing strategy making its products more affordable and available everywhere in the UK and continue to provide outstanding customer service. Alliance Boots PESTEL Analysis Political Factors: Various political decisions can have a huge impact in the business operate and its performance. For example the impact of government UK policies on the business allowing some major supermarkets to open numerous pharmaceutical stores within their stores. The government believes that such policy will increase NHS services and improved health care. Such move will not help Alliance Boots, instead, it will create a huge competition, which will eventually make Alliance Boots to lower its product prices and operate for longer hours. Economic Factors: The global economic recession has a huge impact on healthcare, with a huge increase in the prices of global healthcare affecting the way customers spend on their healthcare products especially Beauty products. The rising fuel costs also have a huge impact in the supply chain channel of Alliance Boots leading to price increase. Social Factors: The social factors are creating more awareness about how everyone should take care of himself or herself through, exercise, eating habits, type of food that is good for the body and many more. For example, government campaign that is promoting healthy eating (eatwell.gov.uk 2012 online) as a result in the rapid increasing level of obesity within the UK (Department of health 2012 online).Such information is boosting Alliance Boots sales by encouraging its customers to try its healthier products at a cheaper price than other companies. Technological Factors: The evolution of the internet is helping online retail sales, Alliance Boots are making use of the internet technology to its advantage with the internet is now generating more than a third of all revenue for Alliance Boots products and services. Alliance Boots Centre for Innovation is investing hugely in the development of inventive products and technologies that focus on: Ways to detect treat and monitor customers well-being issues. Environmental Factors: Many countries are now committed to green energy ever than before due to the risk of global warming is becoming a reality, Many companies like Alliance Boots have been told to play key role in reducing carbon footprint and increasing energy efficiency (Bream 2008). Because of this, Alliance Boots will have to invest more in greener products (selling of organic health product) and reducing their impact of carbon footprint on the environment. Legal Factors: There are various legal issues that are facing the way companies operate globally, for example, Alliance Boot Cases include application to the European Court of Justice in sex discrimination case of Neath versus Hugh Steeper Limited. New laws keep emerging everyday especially on healthy product and drinks, which mean Alliance Boots will have to be more cautious about its packaging and labelling policies, which will be an extra financial liability on the Alliance Boots. Globalisation Drivers This can be classified into: Market: Growth of global and regional channels Establishment of world brands 2. Cost: Fast-tracking technological innovation Transportation and distribution channel 3. Government: Reduction of tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers 4. Competitive: Huge rise in global strategic alliances with other companies. Future Strategic Partnership Walgreen Co., US largest drugstore chain is the latest future strategic partnership and direction that Alliance Boots are taking. Under this new strategy, Alliance Boots and Walgreen Co are bringing together the strengths and proficiency of both companies to create unique global pharmaceutical companies with a strong focus on health and well-being. Recommendations In order for Alliance Boots to continue maintaining its global presence as one of the dominant forces in the Pharmaceutical companies, the following are the vibrant future strategic directions that Alliance Boots must take for its business. Delivering of new innovative medical research using the next generation technology. A new global approach to marketing by sponsoring various events related to the well-being of Alliance Boots customers. Expansion of general merchandise ranges which in return will create sales with greater growth potential and effectiveness. Conclusion In conclusion, strategic management with a dedicated market focus is a driver to build a successful future globalisation and a successful merger process of the pharmaceutical industry. Alliance Boots continue to internationalise its key product brands, selling them to distributors, independent pharmacies and retail partners including online shopping sites globally.

Presidential Anomalies :: essays research papers

Presidential Anomalies There has been a very unusual historical occurrence involving the presidency since the early 19th Century. Every candidate that had run for the office of President of the United States in an election year at the beginning of a decade has either been assassinated, died, or had been shot while in office. This historical anomaly is very peculiar going into the election of 2000, and should perhaps give the respective candidates pause. Starting with the election of 1840, candidate General William Henry Harrison was easily elected as the celebrated military hero of the most recent Indian Wars. The hero over the Indians at the battle of Tippencanoe, became president and John Tyler became vice president. During his inauguration ceremony the weather was cold and rainy. The new President contracted pneumonia and died only one month into his term. In 1860, candidate Abraham Lincoln was elected President and had to preside over America’s greatest crisis. He was reelected in 1864 and saw the Civil War come to a successful conclusion. At his second inaugural address, Lincoln said â€Å"with malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; bind up the nations wounds.† Shortly after the war’s end, a fanatical Confederate sympathizer, John Wilkes Booth, assassinated him. In 1880, Ohio Congressman James A. Garfield won the election despite a very slim lead in popular votes, however, won easily in electoral votes. He was in office less than four months when President Garfield was fatally shot by a disappointed office seeker. His Vice President, Chester A. Arthur, succeeded him. In 1900, the Republicans re-nominated William McKinley, who was given credit for the economic prosperity, and pledged to maintain the â€Å"full dinner pail.† During his presidency the United States had embarked on an imperialist policy after the Spanish-American War. At a business exposition in Buffalo, New York, President McKinley was assassinated sex months after his second inauguration by an anarchist. In 1920, Senator Warren G. Harding captured the public mood with his promise of a â€Å"return to normalcy.† An easygoing man, Harding possessed a limited understanding of national problems. President Harding was an honest but pilable man who, like President Grant was unable to protect his postwar administration from scandal. His presidency has been recognized as one of the most scandal ridden prior to Richard Nixon and Bill Clinton.

Microeconomics: Supply and Demand

Prices of Onion (Deshi and Indian) go up due to shortage of supply 1. Introduction: Microeconomic theory is perhaps the most important course in all economics and business programs. I am just trying to discuss about the role of theory or models in com/microeconomics-chapter-4/">microeconomics, discuss the basic methodology of economics, and distinguish between positive and normative analysis. Our main target in this assignment is to write an essay about microeconomics related topic which is published by the newspapers recently.After studying the newspaper I have got a microeconomic related topic which prices go up, as a result, demand will decrease. According to my previous study knowledge, I had some ideas about production cost, import cost, transportation cost and other ssimilar cost by which we can determine the cost and profit. After taking the microeconomic course, it seems to me that the scenario is different. Here we need not only production and other ssimilar cost and profit but also supply and demand, changing situation, income and substitution effect, equilibrium price, elasticity, cost behavior, market position etc..Here my selected product is Onions (Deshi and Indian). This is because; onions are one of the most important commodities of our daily meal. Recently the prices of onions go up in the retail market not only Deshi onion but also Indian onion. Retailer said that, the prices of local onion increased by Tk. 10 a kg and was selling at Tk. 70 a kg while the just harvested onion was retailing at Tk. 45 a kg and Indian onion at Tk. 40 a kg over the last week due to supply shortage.So that, I have decided to write an essay about onion (Deshi and Indian) where Indian onion is the substitute of Deshi onions including the demand and supply of onions, equilibrium price, effect on price, substitution and income effect, production function, elasticity, cost function and market structure of onion. 2. Data Collection: After studying the newspapers, I have found a microeconomic related topic that is, â€Å"Onion, flour, vegetables, fish prices go up† which is published by Financial Express on 15th December, 2012 and ‘Prices of onions, green chili skyrocket’ which is published by New Age on 22 December, 2012.So I have taken two commodity Deshi onion and Indian onion. For getting more information I visited 2 markets which is nearest of my area due to know about the supply and current and previous price and demand for two types of onions. a) Nayabazar Market b) Babubazar Market 3. Demand: 3. 1. Law of demand: We know that, consumer purchase more products when the price is lower and they buy fewer products at higher price where other things remain the same. We also know that, there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demended according to the law of demand.

How is a feeling of suspense created in the station scene, from the film ‘The Untouchables’

In this essay I will analyze the railway scene in the film ‘The Untouchables'. I will mainly concentrate on the creation of suspense; I will be looking at the three things that directors use to create different types of atmosphere. These three things are camera angles and movement, the use of sound and lighting and to what extent they contribute. This scene is supposed to be a tense ending to the violence, the final shoot out to try and get Al Capone put in prison. The audience would probably be quite confused and wondering who is who and why each thing is happening. This confusion adds to the tension. The scene (and film) is set in Chicago during the 1930's. In the 1930's America was under prohibition, prohibition meant that it was illegal to sell, make or transport alcohol. Although this rule was made there was still a lot of money to be made with alcohol through bootlegging. Bootlegging was illegally selling alcohol, almost everyone knew about bootlegging and where to buy alcohol. Obviously the alcohol was sold at a higher price then it would be usually, much much higher, this meant that the consumer still had to spend a lot of money for it, which detracted from the original point of prohibition which was to stop people spending money on alcohol as the countries economy was collapsing as shares were worth nothing. In Chicago during this time, not unlike other cities around America there were many rival gangs, which ran Chicago, the most important gang leader was Al Capone. He was the richest man for miles and reportedly earned i170,000,000 a year! Which in those days especially was astronomical. He is the gangster that Elliot Ness a federal agent, George Stone a trainee policeman, James Malone a veteran policeman, and Oscar Wallace an accountant, are out to stop. By the time of this scene, only Ness And Stone are left living and have vowed to catch Al Capone. But they cannot prove anything about him that would send him to jail although he is a known gangster, there is nothing concrete until they found out that he hadn't been paying his income taxes and his bookkeeper could prove it. His bookkeeper was about to be taken away by train maybe incase he was bribed or threatened and put Capone in trouble. Ness And Stone's last chance to catch Capone is to get the bookkeeper, alive. First I am going to go through the main narrative points of the scene: > Ness and Stone enter the station; Ness takes his place on the upper floor, where he can see the entrance at eye level, and the stairs and some of the platform below him. Stone goes round the corner to cover a place where Ness instructs him. > A lot of people enter the station; there are a few suspicious looking people that could be a gangster who is part of Al Capone's gang or the bookkeeper himself. Ness keeps an eye on all of them. > A woman is coming up from the platform but is struggling with her cases and the pram. She cant get them up the stairs easily, Ness keeps looking between her and the possible suspects, eventually he leaves his vantage point and goes down the stairs to help the woman. All the suspects by now have been cleared off suspicion by (for example) going off with their wives or not staying on the platform. > Ness pulls the pram up the stairs, the woman thanks him continuously, while he pulls the pram up Ness looks out for gangsters. Ness has had his eye on some people who may be gangsters, as he reaches the top of the stairs he looks behind him and sees a man he recognizes, the man has a broken nose that is strapped up. > Ness pulls a shotgun out of his jacket and shoots the man – killing him. The pram gets knocked by Ness and starts to roll down the stairs. Other men who are standing on the stairs reach into their jackets and pull out guns, Ness shoots another in the shoulder, and kills another, one gangster shoots up at him from the bottom of stairs and takes cover behind a pillar. The pram continues to fall down the stairs; the man who got shot in the shoulder shoots wildly and hits the pram. Two Sailors run up the stairs form the platform and get shot as they run in front of the pram. > Stone comes running across the bottom of the stairs, throws Ness a new gun as Ness's had run out of bullets, kills the man behind the pillar slides across the floor, stops the pram falling and aims his gun at the last remaining gangster (the one who got shot in the shoulder) who is holding his gun against the bookkeeper's head. > Ness demands that the gangster lets the bookkeeper go and no one gets hurt. The gangster who is very agitated shouts that him and the bookkeeper are leaving and if anyone moves he will shoot the bookkeeper and then they have nothing against Capone. The bookkeeper nervously says he will tell them all they want to know. There is more arguing until Ness signals to Stone and Stone shoots the gangster in the head, the gangster slumps to the floor and the bookkeeper scared witless remains unharmed. I am now going to talk about the use of different camera angles and camera movement and how they are used and why. The most commonly used camera angle was a high angle shot. The majority of these would have been Ness's view from the overhang looking down on the stairs and the platform. This angle would have been by the director, Brian De Palma used to draw the audience into the position of Ness making it more real for them as if they were there, therefore raising the suspense as they feel part of the scene. However a lot of low angle shots are also used, many of these are looking up at Ness, this may the audience think there is someone possibly a gangster looking up at Ness from below this would also raise suspense. The angle would also have been used to show Ness's facial expressions and where he is looking. Occasionally there were close ups of Ness to really show his facial expressions and bring the audience as close as possible to him and how he is feeling, this would add the suspense as again they feel attached to the scene like they are there. These camera angles from Ness's perspective and looking at him happen while he is standing on the overhang when he moves down the stairs to help the baby and then gets involved in the shootout, there are different camera angles focusing on him although there are more close ups after he leaves the overhang. While Ness helps the woman with the pram most of the camera angles are low ones looking up at him as he climbs the stairs and some down at him and past him to show what he is doing and what is going on below him on the platform. The high angle shots that look down at him and past him are most effective at creating suspense because they show Ness's nervousness and at any moment a gangster could appear below him while he is unaware. While the shootout is happening there are various Close up shots. This is to show the expressions of the combatants and how they are being affected by the shootout. This is very tense as there is a lot of anxiousness and fear on the faces of everyone as they are fighting for their lives. This is particularly the case when there is a close up of the woman diving to save her baby from falling down the stairs as you can see all of her face close up and you can se the fear written on it even though there is no sound at that point. There are also a lot of long shots and two shots to display the action and what is going on at eye level so it is straight in front of you, this makes you as the audience feel very involved in the action as your eye level is with the action you are not looking down on or up at it, as it is in front of your face, and as the action is very dangerous it adds greatly to the suspense in the scene. At the start of the scene the clock was repeatedly shown, this repetitive image added to the suspense greatly as it showed clearly that time is running out for Ness as months of work depend on the next few moments. As the clock is repeatedly shown this fact is driven into us, raising suspense as we wait to see if Ness will get his man in time. Next I will look at lighting and what areas are lit and why. The scene is set quite late at night at 10 O Clock, so the lighting would be artificial from the lights in the station which the director would have strategically shone them in different areas for different reasons, which I will talk about now. Very light areas of the scene were the stairs and the entryway, this is because the majority of the action happened there and it was the focus of where Ness was looking at. The platform area is also quite well lit, as it is another area Ness was constantly looking for gangsters in. Dark areas of the scene were Stone was as not much happened there and he was meant to be hidden from sight. The prams was very well lit during the scene as it is meant to signify innocence and the pram protecting the baby, giving it safety, and in the dark things are generally more uneasy and unsafe especially for young children so the light is to signify it is protected. Sometimes the camera swung/panned around the scene for example in the shootout, this gave us as the audience a chance to survey what is going on from and move as if we are moving in the scene to look what is going on, like if we cant quite see something we would move to see it, the camera moving us gives us that feeling. As we feel like we are there yet again this creates more suspense for us as an audience. Next I am going to talk about sound, and how dialogue. Sound effects, ambient sound and non-digetic sounds are used and why they are used. First I will explain what each sound is: > Dialogue – Words spoken on screen by characters. Dialogue is used to develop characters, the plot and display natural communication. > Sound effects – Non-verbal sounds from an action. Sound effects are used to reinforce an action and too add realism. For example if someone closed a door and you couldn't hear it close, it would sound fake, and ruin the effect. > Ambient sounds – realistic background sound, which may not be on screen. Ambient sounds are also used to reinforce realism for example if the scene is in a field and no wind is heard, or birds calling it would seem fake, similar to sound effects but the effect may not be on screen, e. g. a bird calling, the bird may not be on screen. > Non-digetic sounds – Not part of the scene. Non digetic sounds are things like music or voice overs, they are used to create or reinforce a mood or can intensify a situation, for example eerie music could be used in a haunted house, getting eerier as things get tenser. This reinforces the atmosphere being created off screen. All the different four sound types are used in the scene. The most commonly used sound was non-digetic. Almost throughout the scene there was music playing. It changed as the scene changed, for example at the end of the scene just after the final gangster was killed there were piano and violins playing together, they played in such a way that a mysterious feeling was given. Then when we realized the gangster was dead and the bookkeeper survived the tense music ended with a long note, which eased the tension. This is a prime example of music (non digetic sound) enforcing the atmosphere that is created on stage. Another widely used ambient sound was the tannoy announcer; altogether he spoke 4 times in the space of a few minutes. He was announcing that the train would be leaving in a few minutes, all board and last call, this also drummed into us as the audience that time was running out therefore creating suspense – similarly to the clock. Sound effects were not used to much important in my view they were just used to reinforce actions like the footsteps on the stairs. However when the pram was going up the steps it made a very loud crashing sound, louder then it would naturally, this created suspense. Ambient sounds similarly to sound effects only were occasionally used to reinforce the fact the scene is in a train station, with the odd sound adding to the realism, like the train steaming out of the train off camera occasionally, this added to the suspense as it made the scene more realistic and made us as the audience feel as if we were there. There wasn't much dialogue in the scene; most of it was just basic the only important dialogue was at the very end between ness, the gangster and the bookkeeper when they were arguing over the fate of the bookkeeper. This was very important as the gangster and Ness were trying to play mind games with each other through words. Words are the clearest form of communication and in this instance, you could obviously see through the expression in the voices that Ness was in control and the gangster was wavering and unsure what to do, and in the end was killed. This added to the suspense as the camera angles were close to them and the speech was loud as if we as the audience were there and witnessing it. In conclusion I would say that the factor that contributed most to the suspense was the sound as it was the clearest factor of all, and is the most blatant. For example if there is music playing that is of a tense nature it is obvious something tense is going on and it adds to the tension. When the pram like music was playing it added to the realism, as there was a pram there. It also gave the audience a false sense of security, as it is nice happy carefree music in a sinister important ten minutes in Chicago. It also it spookily scary, as when the pram is stopped from crashing by stone the music starts up and there are lots of dead bodies and blood everywhere and a fierce confrontation between Ness and the gangster is about to start and the music starts to play. Camera angles added to the tension and suspense more then the lighting, though it was more subtle then the sound as only when you reflect on the scene in depth like I have done you realize it has done anything, during the scene you don't even realize what the camera angles are doing. There is only a certain amount of suspense that you can create with a camera angle as just because you are looking at something in a certain way it doesn't mean something will happen. Lighting was the least important factor as the entire scene had to be quite lit as it is a well it area in a train station, and just because something is in shadow doesn't mean it is hidden and secretive. Again it is a more subtle use of suspense and one that I think doesn't add to the suspense much if at all. Generally I would say that suspense was created very well using lighting, sound and camera angles. It could perhaps been improved by a greater use of lighting to display shadows and hidden areas, though it would have been hard to do so in a station.

How Old World Diseases Destroyed Indian America Essay

The Invisible Enemy – How Old World diseases destroyed Indian America and created Colonial America. In the years prior to the Pilgrims establishing Plymouth colony in 1620, the area had been ravaged by an epidemic of disease which had wiped out the original Indian inhabitants. The Pilgrims believed that God had sent the disease among the Indians to clear the site for his ‘chosen people’. This is but one example of how the introduction of disease would forever change the existing Indian America into a ‘new’ America the Natives would barely recognize and would face an everlasting struggle to be part of. The impact of Old World diseases is one of the most critical aspects to understanding the history of Native American Indians. Old World pathogens were carried by the Europeans into the ‘virgin soil’ of Indian America would forever change the very existence of the Native Americans. Epidemics of killer disease were to rampage through Indian society and the Indians being immunologically defenseless succumbed in their thousands. Smallpox was the most devastating of the early killer diseases, followed by deadly strains of typhus and measles (Thornton 1987:44-45). These were followed by bubonic plague, diphtheria, cholera, scarlet fever, typhoid, mumps, pertussis, colds, pleurisy, and, virulent forms of pneumonia and influenza along with respiratory infections, poliomyelitis, venereal syphilis, malaria, yellow fever and dysentery. The mortality rates from smallpox were appallingly high and the periodic outbreaks compounded the losses. Thornton, Miller and Warren (1991:41) conclude that â€Å"American Indian populations were exposed to cycles of population reduction caused by both recurrent epidemics of the same disease and by epidemics of newly encountered diseases experiencing ‘virgin veil’ conditions†. In 1779, smallpox broke out in Mexico City, and over the next four years the disease reached pandemic proportions, spreading in all directions; through the Southwest, the Great Plains, Rocky Mountains and by 1783 into Canada. Thousands of Indians died. Mortality rates of 90 per cent were commonplace; tribes were decimated, in some instances wholly obliterated. Indian populations fell into a precipitous decline; one estimate speculates that the population of Native Indians in North America fell by 74 percent between 1492 and 1800. In some regions populations recovered and in some areas increased, as refugees from other areas coalesced with existing groups, but all told, disease, in conjunction with war, slavery and other cultural disruptions determined there was scant opportunity for population recovery to occur. Treatment of epidemic related illnesses by traditional methods were often lethally counterproductive. Sweat lodge ceremonies to purify the body required convening people in a confined space and therefore making the airborne transmission of viruses easier. The profuse sweating brought about dangerous dehydration as did the use of customary herbal medicines, many of which contained cathartic and emetic properties. With the Indians resorting in anguish to curing societies and community rituals to combat new diseases; shamans explored new and more effective rituals through fasting and dreaming. The Mandan Indians, a farming tribe, living along the Missouri River at the edges of the Great Plains, were virtually wiped out by disease. When first encountered by the French in 1738 the Mandans population was approximately 15,000 but over the next hundred years, numbers declined dramatically. The Mandans location at the hub of the trade network on the Missouri River guaranteed exposure to the epidemic diseases sweeping through trade routes. Nucleated, sedentary tribes were hardest hit by disease; for the Mandans and â€Å"river peoples† like them, this caused further shifting of the power balance in the region to the Plains groups. After experiencing devastating losses in the smallpox pandemic of 1779-81, by June 1837 the Mandan population was at best 2,000; by October 1837, after another smallpox epidemic, 138 Mandan Indians remained. Like the Mandans, the Huron interactions with European traders inevitably brought disease to their villages. Prior to the summer of 1634, a Huron population of 30,000 persons and 20 villages was estimated by the French Jesuits who had lived among them. Influenza struck in 1636. Smallpox hit hard in the mid-1630s, returning in 1639 and by 1640 half the Huron people had been killed by the disease. A house to house census conducted by the Jesuits in the spring of 1639 and over the winter of 1639-40, documents the impact of the 1639-40 smallpox epidemic; the last in a series of catastrophic diseases between 1634 and 1640. A total of 12,000 Huron and their neighbors the Tionantate remained. As disease took its appalling toll, the Huron looked increasingly to the Jesuits for spiritual help. The missionaries who had been barely tolerated before, were largely unaffected by disease and therefore in the eyes of the Huron, men of power. Reinforcing this belief was the failure of the Huron shamans to forewarn or safeguard their people from the devastation. Over the course of the six years between 1634 and 1640, the Huron experienced a depopulation rate of 60 per cent. The Kiowa were a nomadic, buffalo-hunting tribe. They ranged from the head of the Missouri River to the Black Hills until driven southward by the Arapaho, Cheyenne and Sioux to the region near the Arkansas River in the early nineteenth century. At this time the Kiowa numbered around 2,000. Plains Indians being more dispersed, had a lesser chance of infection and greater chance of survival, but in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, epidemics of smallpox struck the Indians of the West hard. Up to half of the Plains Indians may have died in the smallpox pandemic of 1779-81, which had advanced along trade routes that the Indians followed to trade horses. The Dohasan calendar (1832-92) was begun by the Kiowa chief named Dohasan and continued until 1892 by his nephew when Dohasan died in 1866, chronicles sixty years of devastating change for the Kiowa. Using a copy of the calendar drawn by Dohasan himself, anthropologist James Mooney compiled an account of the events depicted by the calendar, from information supplied by Dohasan and supplemented with information from other Kiowa chronicles. The calendar accounts epidemics among the Kiowas in the winter of 1839-40 and 1861-62, and in the summer of 1849, cholera. By the summer of 1879, buffalo were so scarce that to keep from starving the Kiowas had to kill and eat their horses. The calendar ends in 1892 with a measles epidemic, which broke out at the reservation school, and once the school superintendent sent the sick children home, spread quickly. In 1848 gold was discovered in California, this inevitably brought more immigrants across the Plains, who in turn brought cholera, measles and scarlet fever to the Indians. The eventual conquest of the West by the American military came about in the in the aftermath of biological catastrophes which had left the Indians practically powerless and unable to resist. Conclude about how these experiences/events were critical in native American history Conclude by explaining why (or why not studying native American history is important today Native American history is important and it is imperative that it still be studied today. As part of the fundamental roots of this country; and the brutal behaviors It is impossible not to be apathetic to the Native Indians immense suffering at the hands of the formation of Colonial America. The gains achieved by the new America’ were at the detriment of the Indian people.

Describe and discuss the Ebers medical papyrus and the Edwin Smith Research Paper

Describe and discuss the Ebers medical papyrus and the Edwin Smith papyrus. When and how were they found What do they contain - Research Paper Example The main study of these papyri was conducted in Berlin in the year between1954-1973 (Atta and Hussein 123). The Ebers papyrus has haphazard collection of medical texts which are organized in paragraphs which are arranged in blocks and thus addressing specific medical conditions. It contains the most voluminous medical record of the ancient Egypt known. The proof that diseases healed from magical spells, were not available in the papyrus. Issues regarding the supernatural intervention in relation to treatment and diagnosis are highlighted in paragraphs (David and Rosalie 124). Diseases discussed by the Ebers papyrus include; disease of the stomach such as intestinal parasites, anus diseases, skin diseases, head diseases, treatment of migraines, flow of urine, hair, flesh wounds and burns and extremities of the disorders (Bonn and Kitty 45). From the Edwin Smith Papyrus, we are able to point out that, they were able to treat fractured and dislocated bones. From this again we find out t hat they too treated dislocated bones and performed minor surgical procedures. On the same note, they were able to treat diseases in physical manner. However, alongside this physical treatment, they accompanied it with spiritual practices. According, to Edwin Smith Papyrus, much of the treatment involved crushing and mixing of herbs. Diseases addressed by Edwin Smith Papyrus include: tongue diseases, conditions related to dermatology, dental diseases, ear diseases, throat and nose diseases and gynecological disorders. There are also discussions regarding the diagnosis of pregnancy, treatment of tumors, trachoma, birth control and fractures (David and Rosalie 89). About seven hundred magical formulas their remedies are also contained. The papyrus notes that the heart serves as the centre of the supply of blood with the attachment of vessels to other parts of the body. Seemingly the Egyptians did know little about the kidneys and assumed the heart to be the meeting point vessels carry ing body fluids such as blood, urine, tears, and sperm. The chapter known as the Book of Hearts gives details about the mental disorders. Dementia and depression are equally covered (Haas 90). The Ancient Egyptians, like the Ancient Greeks and the Romans, have provided modern historians with grounded knowledge and evidence towards medicine and sufficient knowledge on the medical field. This evidence is particularly based on the many papyrus found in the archaeological sites. This is like in the history of man, where some of these beliefs of the Egyptians were based; myths and legends. This should not however, be disputed with the increase of knowledge of the Egyptian people who exceedingly grew in human anatomy and plain commonsense. In the Ancient Egypt the treatment of illness was no longer carried out by the common magicians and medicine men, because knowledge of diseases and their curing method had already developed. This is supported by the archaeological evidences available in the papyri (refers to physicians and doctors). This is particularly amazing, in that there are archaeological digs that have added more evidence of men titled as physicians. This means that all the knowledge about the Ancient Egypt medicine comes from the discoveries of papyrus documents. Most of these papyrus documents have come from the era of 1900 BC and 1500 BC (White and Renee 45-67). This is the evidence to the common

Domestic violence, Criminal justice Research Paper

Domestic violence, Criminal justice - Research Paper Example The author talks of a disparity that occurs in punishing cases of domestic violence depending on perpetrators. In this case, men are shown to receive harsh treatment and condemnation when they are perpetrators as compared to women perpetrators. For example, some of the key players that have been involved in domestic violence in National Football league have been relieved their duties as opposed to Hope Solo that continues playing despite allegations of assault on her sister and nephew. Also, a major organization such as Nike are shown to continue working with Solo even after damning accusations while they were quick to end ties in public with Rice and Peterson. The argument is that the Solo scenario is not the norm and men are seen as the primary perpetrators of violence. Jarrett, T. (2014, September 10). Why she stayed: Ray Rice video sheds light domestic violence. Retrieved September 27, 2014, from http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/nfl-controversy/why-she-stayed-ray-rice-video-sheds-light-domestic-violence-n200266. The article highlights the issue of domestic violence. Specifically, the author shows how it has been challenging to authenticate due to the environment in which such violence takes place. However, Ray Rice versus Janay issues are used to show various issues related to violence. The case was significant as it helped in highlighting issues related to domestic violence with a video. Most of the women are also shown to stay with their partner despite the abuse. On the other hand, the men are shown as not seeing anything bad with the rampant abuse of women. The media are also shown to lack ethics in addressing Janay’s case. The media role appears that of highlighting various crimes that occur in the country. Moreover, the purpose appears to offer sensational reporting with no analysis. However, the media help in reviving the debate concerning crime and also attracts the attention of the policy

Role of Biology in Contemporary Criminological Thinking Essay

Role of Biology in Contemporary Criminological Thinking - Essay Example Cesare Lombroso was an Italian prison doctor during the 19th century who later to be known as the 'father of criminology'. Cesare Lombroso suggested that physiological features such as cheek bones, hairline, or cleft palate are indication of one's inclination to criminal acts. Lombroso's approach was greatly influenced by the theory of phrenology and by the theory of evolution of Charles Darwin. However, such theories were later taken over by the modern day theory on genetics and chemistry as influencing factors in one's inclination to behavioural crime ("Criminology", 2006). Lombroso furthered his studies with statistical analysis wherein he identified more 'Watavistic stigmata', as well as the immorality of efficiency in the approach of born criminals. Lombroso proposed the fair treatment of offenders by suggesting rehabilitation instead of harsh punishment. Despite Lombroso being the forerunner of criminology, his studies became the foundation of movements such as the eugenics during the 20th century. Today, Lombroso's research is no more the basis of modern criminology; however, psychology as well as psychiatry has used his theory in identifying crime potential of an individual independent of his surrounding environment ("Casare Lombroso", 2006).Ever since, medicine has been involve in the study of crime and its related problems. Medical studies such as physiognomy and phrenology which found the interconnection of the shape of the skull to the way mind think and behave. These theories were popular because they relieve the blame of the cause of crime from the hands of the government and the society as a whole, rather the blame is placed on the offender themselves who were biologically predispose to commit a crime which have distinct features from peaceful citizens. Modern studies only relate the body structure to crime due to the fact that people with stronger features can do more harm physically, however, with regards to studies such as by Lombroso is no longer being adopted. The new studies on genetics further showed evidence in the genetic cause of crime as chromosome and some genes that predispose one to commit crime were identified. However, further studies on twin, family, and adoption proved no direct link of genetic factor to crimes being committed ("Positivist school", 2006). Thereby propelled the nature vs. nurture debate further. Genetic factors More and more studies have shown that genes play a big role in aggressive behaviour of individual. One such study was conducted by Philip Vernon and colleagues wherein they have studied 247 adult twin pairs. 183 were identical twins and 64 others are fraternal twins. The subjects were examined with the use of 18 aggression measurements. Their analyses, they say, 'revealed that multiple measures of different dimensions of aggressive behaviour have moderate to quite large heritabilities'. Moreover, they say, 'there appears to be substantial overlap between genes associated with different types of aggression' ("Strong genetic influence on aggression seen", 2000; Vernon et al, 1999,

International Trade and International Finance Essay

International Trade and International Finance - Essay Example From this essay ir is clear that  when a nation is mounting on capital resources abruptly and very rapidly, then the additional progress of such satisfied nation’s state of affairs is accountable to be intermittent. In present international trade conditions, the phenomenon of laissez-faire may be noticed that leads to lack of the incentive to attract new investments.  On the basis of political and social environment, the general characteristic of a nation which determines its propensity to consume (in regards to the betterment of a progressive state) fundamentally depends on the adequacy of such incentives.  As the paper highlights  in conditions where the magnitude of aggregate investment is ascertained by the underlying principle of profit maximisation alone, the prospective for domestic investment will mainly be governed by factors like the domestic rate of interest in the in the long run as well as short run. In contrast, the volume of overseas investment is essent ially ascertained primarily with the size of balance of trade in favour of investing nation. Hence, in a culture where there is limited enquiry of direct foreign investment under the guidance of government or public authority, the economic substances with which it is rational for the government are to be thoughtful about the fluctuations in the balance of foreign trade in contemporary environment and prevailing domestic rate of interest.